Financial
EARLY ELIGIBILITY ASSESSMENT AND PRE-APPROVAL CRITICAL UNDER UAE R&D TAX CREDIT RULES

The UAE Ministry of Finance has issued Ministerial Decision No. 24 of 2026, setting out the detailed implementation rules for the country’s first-ever Research and Development (R&D) Tax Credit regime under the Corporate Tax framework. Effective for Tax Periods commencing on or after 1 January 2026, the decision establishes a progressive, tiered credit structure with rates of 15%, 35% and 50%, linked to both the level of qualifying R&D expenditure and the number of R&D staff employed. The maximum qualifying expenditure is capped at AED 5 million per entity or Tax Group per year.
“The R&D Tax Credit is a landmark development, but it is not a simple year-end adjustment. The dual-threshold design means this is as much a workforce planning exercise as a tax planning one. Businesses need to understand that pre-approval from the Council is mandatory before any credit can be claimed – this is a precondition, not an administrative formality. Companies that begin mapping their R&D activities against the Frascati Manual criteria, quantifying qualifying expenditure and building their documentation framework now will be in the strongest position when it comes time to file,” said Nimish Goel, Leader Middle East, Dhruva, Ryan LLC Affiliate.
The move represents one of the clearest signals yet that the UAE intends its tax framework to actively incentivise innovation, influence capital allocation and support the country’s long-term economic diversification going well beyond revenue collection and international alignment. For businesses operating in manufacturing, technology, engineering, healthcare, food and beverage, agriculture, and other innovation-led sectors, the key consideration is whether internal systems are equipped to capture the benefit.
The credit operates on a dual-threshold basis that is unlike most international R&D incentive regimes. To access each tier, a business must satisfy both a minimum qualifying expenditure level and a minimum average R&D headcount. The first AED 1 million of qualifying spend attracts a 15% credit, requiring at least two R&D staff. The portion between AED 1 to 2 million qualifies at 35%, requiring at least six staff. Spend between AED 2 to 5 million qualifies at 50%, requiring at least fourteen staff. If the headcount threshold is not met, the credit rate drops to the highest tier where both conditions are satisfied, creating material cliff-edge effects that make workforce planning an integral part of tax planning for the first time in the UAE.
Qualifying R&D activities must meet five criteria drawn from the OECD Frascati Manual; they must be novel, creative, uncertain in outcome, systematic, and transferable or reproducible. Activities in social sciences, humanities and the arts are excluded, and only R&D conducted within the UAE qualifies. Qualifying expenditure falls into three categories: staff costs (which receive a 30% overhead uplift), consumable costs, and subcontracting fees paid to UAE-based contractors. Intra-group transactions are consistently excluded from qualifying expenditure, a design choice that will require groups with centralised R&D functions to review their cost allocation and transfer pricing arrangements carefully.
The decision also introduces a mandatory pre-approval process administered by the Council, ongoing compliance reporting obligations, and a seven-year record-keeping requirement for technical documentation covering R&D objectives, methodologies, experiments and findings. These requirements signal that the UAE authorities expect robust, contemporaneous evidence of qualifying activities, not retrospective assembly at the time of filing.
Commenting on the development, Justin Arnesen, Principal, Practice Leader, Europe & Asia Pacific Innovation Funding, Ryan, said, “Ryan’s global experience in R&D tax credits shows that the difference between a policy announcement and a commercial outcome lies in the rigour of eligibility analysis, documentation and claims management. We have helped UK businesses receive over AED 2.5 billion in innovation funding through R&D Tax credits. These outcomes were driven by disciplined processes, not just the existence of a credit. This initiative not only aligns with global best practices but also sends a clear signal to multinational organisations and emerging enterprises that the UAE is serious about fostering a knowledge and innovation-based economy.”
Implications for Multinational Groups under Pillar Two
For multinational groups within the scope of the UAE’s Domestic Minimum Top-up Tax (DMTT), the R&D Tax Credit adds an important layer to Effective Tax Rate (ETR) modelling. Because the credit is non-refundable, it is likely to be treated as a reduction of covered taxes under the Global Anti-Base Erosion (GloBE) rules rather than as a Qualified Refundable Tax Credit, a distinction that can lower the jurisdictional ETR rather than improve it. For groups operating at or near the 15% minimum rate, this means the credit could paradoxically increase Top-up Tax exposure even as it reduces Corporate Tax liability.
However, the decision provides a mechanism for unutilised credits to offset top-up tax directly through the Domestic Group structure, which partially mitigates this effect. Multinationals should model the net impact across both Corporate Tax and top-up tax before claiming, and factor in the five-year claw-back provision that applies if the entity’s status changes – including becoming a qualifying free zone person or redomiciling outside the UAE.
For businesses with cross-border operations, the commercial value of the R&D Tax Credit extends beyond the direct tax saving. The credit’s treatment in the group’s wider international tax profile, including its classification under tax treaties, its interaction with Pillar Two ETR calculations, and its impact on transfer pricing for cost contribution arrangements will require integrated advisory across multiple disciplines. Groups conducting joint R&D through cost contribution arrangements should note that only the arm’s length share of contributions attributable to UAE-based R&D qualifies, adding a transfer pricing dimension to credit planning. The Ministerial Decision applies to Tax Periods and Fiscal Years commencing on or after 1st January 2026.
“The UAE has built a thoughtful, well-structured framework with clear international lineage – the Frascati Manual criteria, the tiered incentive design, the Pillar Two integration. Early investment in activity mapping, expenditure tracking and documentation is likely to determine the extent to which businesses can access and sustain benefits under the regime,” concluded Nimish.
Financial
WHY GLOBALLY CONNECTED FAMILIES MUST PLAN FOR GEOPOLITICAL CHANGE
By Nazneen Abbas, Founder, Ma’an
Families with wealth across borders are already used to complexity. They live with different legal systems, different inheritance regimes, and different tax realities, often all at once. That part is not new. What has changed is the speed at which the environment around those structures is moving. The geopolitical backdrop is no longer something families can treat as distant noise. It is beginning to alter the conditions in which wealth is held, transferred, and protected.
That is becoming visible in the questions families are now asking. Across the GCC, many who already have Wills, trusts, foundations, and succession structures in place are no longer asking whether they have planned. They are asking whether what they put in place still holds. The conversation is shifting away from documents and toward durability, resilience, and relevance over time.
The issue is not complexity, it is movement
Cross-border planning has always required care. What feels different now is the sense that the regulatory environment may be entering a period of faster movement. Tax agreements that were once taken as given could come under review. Reporting standards may tighten further. Frameworks in some jurisdictions may no longer offer the same level of certainty that families have relied on.
That does not automatically make an existing plan ineffective. It does mean the assumptions on which it was built may no longer be fully reliable. A structure that made sense five or seven years ago may still be valid on paper, but it may now interact differently with another jurisdiction’s rules. That difference is where risk begins to accumulate.
Many families are not dealing with poor planning. They are dealing with planning built for a slower-moving environment. A framework can be professionally drafted and entirely appropriate for its time, yet still require review because the conditions around it have changed. The gap, in many cases, is one of timing rather than quality.
Families do not experience risk as corporations do
Public discussion around geopolitical risk is usually framed in corporate language – market access, supply chains, revenue exposure. But geopolitical literacy is no longer just a corporate issue.
The same forces that alter corporate decision-making also alter the legal and tax environment in which private wealth sits. The difference is that families encounter those forces at far more personal moments. A business responds through compliance and restructuring. A family may discover, during a bereavement or a generational transition, that a structure meant to preserve stability is now sitting between conflicting legal systems or newly expanded obligations. The cost of outdated planning is rarely just technical. It is emotional, and it often surfaces when a family is least equipped to navigate it.
What a meaningful review actually covers
Families and family offices in the GCC with assets or obligations across multiple jurisdictions need to review their planning as a connected system. The question is not whether the Will is signed or the foundation properly established. It is whether those elements continue to work together under current conditions.
Do existing Wills still align with the succession laws of each jurisdiction involved? Do trust or foundation structures still operate as intended alongside local inheritance frameworks, reporting obligations, and tax treatment? The review also needs to reach instruments often created with care and then left untouched. Private Placement Life Insurance (PPLI), for example, may still be appropriate, but its treatment can vary depending on where the family is resident, where beneficiaries sit, and how international agreements evolve. Dynasty Trusts and Irrevocable Life Insurance Trusts (ILITs), especially when governed by US law, deserve renewed scrutiny where family circumstances or legal interpretation have materially changed.
This is not about alarm. It is about alignment. Cross-border structures fail less often because a single instrument is flawed, and more often because the instruments stop speaking to one another.
The plan may hold. Does it still fit?
A plan can remain legally intact and still fall behind. Families change. Children grow up. New dependents enter the picture. Businesses expand into new jurisdictions. Property is acquired in places never part of the original conversation.
If a structure no longer reflects the family’s wishes, responsibilities, or values, it is no longer doing its full job. The real test is not whether it remains untouched, but whether it continues to reflect the life it is meant to support. That matters especially in this region, where families operate across borders almost by default.
The strongest plans are not always the most elaborate. They are the ones revisited honestly and adjusted before pressure forces the issue. Families often treat estate planning as something to complete and put away, which is understandable.
Cross-border wealth planning across jurisdictions cannot remain static. It requires ongoing stewardship. Families that pause to review their structures now are doing what good planning has always required: ensuring the framework continues to reflect not just the world it operates in, but the family it is there to serve.
Financial
FIVE FUNDRAISING LESSONS FOR FOUNDERS BUILDING OUTSIDE THE MAINSTREAM
Raising capital is never just about convincing investors that an idea is interesting but proving that it can survive pressure, attract a defined audience, and grow with discipline. The region’s startup ecosystem is maturing, with early 2026 data showing funding activity remaining steady, with $327 million deployed in February alone across 62 deals, reflecting strong investor appetite but also intense competition. For niche companies, capital is available, but it goes to businesses that can prove commercially valuable demand in their category. MAXION, a UAE-based platform empowering social connections, puts together five fundraising tips for niche businesses preparing to attract investor backing.
Start with proof, not pitch
Investors are naturally careful with niche ideas because they are harder to size, explain, and compare. Founders should prove demand through users, applications, retention, revenue, or repeat behaviour, while clearly defining the underserved market they are building for. They also need to show why customer behaviour, market gaps, or timing make the opportunity commercially urgent.
Defensibility is just as important. In a market where an app can be built quickly, investors need to understand what cannot be easily replicated, whether that is founder expertise, proprietary data, community trust, or a product model shaped by years of real customer behaviour. MAXION’s moat comes from its “cupid in the loop” approach, shaped by the founder’s nearly decade-long experience matchmaking the world’s top 1% and translating those learnings into a tech platform for a wider audience.
Educate the market on your niche
Niche businesses often need to help investors understand the category before they can evaluate the company. Founders should explain the problem why existing solutions fall short, and how the business creates a different measure of value. A strong fundraising story explains where the company overlaps with existing players, where it performs differently, and where it has the potential to outpace them. In a niche category, taste, trust, and execution can become as important as technology.
In social connection apps, for example, the market cannot be understood only through likes or matches. Stronger indicators may include in-person dates, event attendance, quality of introductions, and connections that develop into lasting relationships.
Build a strong community
In a crowded consumer market, attention is expensive. Investors want to see that customers are willing to apply, engage, attend, return, recommend, and stay. A clear path to customers should be built before the fundraising process begins. They also need to feel confident that founders know how to reach their audience and can break through the noise with a clear marketing strategy. For MAXION, this proof came from its matchmaking business, with a curated community of over 5,000 members, 32,000 on the waiting list, and $750K secured in early-stage funding.
Founders need to understand where their audience spends time, who influences them, how they communicate, and what makes them trust a new product. This may come through targeted events, private communities, member referrals, micro-influencers, or highly focused social campaigns.
Focus on outcomes, not features
A company cannot raise capital on a strong idea alone. For founders raising from venture capital, the business case should come before the mission. VCs need to see the scale of the opportunity, revenue logic, unit economics, and a credible path to significant returns. Storytelling may open the door, but numbers make the business investable.
Investors also want to understand what changes because the company exists. A strong business should create access, build trust, improve retention, or solve a problem people repeatedly face. The company must understand its audience, deliver consistently, and show that the team can execute with discipline. Early engagement, behavioural data, a prototype, or initial commercial indicators can make that case far stronger.
Choose the right investors
Not all capital supports the same kind of growth. Niche businesses need investors who understand industry, customer behaviour, and long-term value built through community. Fast capital can become expensive if it pushes the company in the wrong direction.
Founders should look beyond traditional angel and venture capital routes and consider strategic investors, grants, corporate partnerships, and ecosystem-backed programmes where relevant. For instance, in February 2026, UAE-based startups secured $162.8 million across 23 deals, nearly half of the region’s total funding that month. This funding momentum is reinforced by government-backed initiatives such as the National Agenda for Entrepreneurship, Future100, Hub71, accelerators, free zones, and startup incentives that improve access to capital, talent, partners, and new markets.
Financial
Standard Chartered appoints Michelle Swanepoel as Head of Financing and Securities Services Middle East and Africa

Standard Chartered today announced the appointment of Michelle Swanepoel as Head of Financing and Securities Services (FSS), Middle East and Africa. Based in Dubai, she will lead the business across the region effective 1 July 2026. Michelle succeeds Scott Dickinson, who will be retiring from the bank on 30 June after more than 40 years in financial services.
Michelle Swanepoel joined Standard Chartered in September 2017 as the Regional Head of Business Account Management for the Middle East and Africa and was appointed the Regional Head of Securities Services for Africa in May 2019. In September 2024, her role expanded to include Head of Markets for South Africa.
“Michelle has played a strong leadership role in the evolution of post‑trade servicing across Sub‑Saharan Africa, supporting capital market development, regulatory reform, enhanced investor access and market infrastructure, and is a recognised industry subject‑matter expert,” said Margaret Harwood-Jones, Global Head of FSS. “I have every confidence that Michelle will drive further momentum in the region, building on the solid foundation established by Scott.”
Scott Dickinson joined Standard Chartered in 2017 and he has led the Bank’s FSS franchise in MEA since 2019. During his tenure, he oversaw strong growth across the Middle East and Africa franchise, supported expansion into markets including Saudi Arabia and Egypt, and helped deliver the Bank’s first Digital Asset Custody capability in the Dubai International Financial Centre.
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