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The Future of Work: The Impact of Smart Machines on Middle East Industries

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Smart Machines

By Dr. Claudio Zito, Assistant Professor at School of Mathematical and Computer Sciences, Heriot-Watt University Dubai

The Middle East is witnessing a seismic shift in its industrial landscape, driven by the rapid adoption of automation and smart machines. As these technologies become integral to the region’s economic strategy, they reshape industries and redefine the nature of work. While the benefits are immense, including enhanced efficiency, cost savings, and innovation, the rise of smart machines also presents significant challenges for the workforce, necessitating a proactive approach to workforce development and policy-making.

Integration of Smart Machines in Key Industries

In the Middle East, smart machines have been integrated, particularly in sectors like oil and gas, manufacturing, logistics, and healthcare. Traditionally relying on manual labour and conventional machinery for their operations, these industries are now employing automation and artificial intelligence (AI)- driven systems to enhance their operational efficiencies and achieve competitive advantage.

For instance, in the case of oil and gas sector companies, there are AI-enabled devices such as IoT sensors that monitor facilities, predict maintenance needs at the equipment level and optimise production processes. AI in the oil and gas market is estimated to be valued at US$3.5bn in 2024 and expected to reach US$13bn by 2034, according to a new report from Future Market Insights on AI in the oil and gas market. From 2019 to 2023, the market registered a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 17.0%, and during the forecast period, the demand for AI in oil and gas is projected to be strong, with a CAGR of 14.1%. The motivation behind this sudden increase is due to operational cost reduction requirements and the adoption of safety enhancement measures, thereby addressing environmental concerns.

Automation is changing the face of the manufacturing industry. AI-powered robotic systems are increasing productivity while reducing human error rates. For example, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) invests heavily in smart manufacturing under its Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). The 10-year strategy of the Ministry of Industry and Advanced Technology (MoIAT) seeks to expand the industrial sector’s contribution from AED 133bn to AED 300bn by 2031.

Additionally, NEOM, a futuristic smart city being built by Saudi Arabia, plans to have more than 200,000 robots roaming around by 2030. The country also plans to automate 4,000 manufacturing plants in the next five years. This transition will enable manufacturers to produce at a faster pace while ensuring higher quality and lower cost, thereby ensuring global competitiveness.

Similarly, the Middle East’s logistics and supply chain industries have seen a rise in the need for smart machines. Automated warehouses are becoming common, while AI-powered logistics management systems and self-driving cars are now being deployed. These developments assist firms in streamlining processes, leading to reduced delivery times and enhanced customer satisfaction.

In the UAE, some facility management companies aim to replace one-third of their labour force with robots by 2025. This could help the country with its Dubai Robotics and Automation Program, which aims to increase the robotics sector’s contribution to the gross domestic product by nine per cent by 2032. According to new statistics by Precedence Research, the global logistics automation market size will be USD 73.47 billion in 2024. It is expected to reach around USD 217.26 billion by 2033, registering a solid CAGR of 12.8% between 2024 and 2033.

In healthcare, the integration of smart machines ensures efficient operations as well as improved patient care services. The advent of AI-driven diagnostic tools, robot-assisted surgeries, and automated patient care systems have contributed immensely towards improving healthcare offerings across the world, especially within the Middle East region.

Benefits of Automation and Intelligent Machines

For instance, the adoption of smart machines has many advantages across industries in the Middle East, one of which is increased operational efficiency. In place of humans, automation and AI systems can carry out tasks with greater speed and accuracy, thereby leading to increased productivity levels. This is particularly significant for sectors like manufacturing and logistics that depend on swiftness and accuracy to prosper.

Moreover, there are cost savings. Companies can also save money by automating repetitive tasks, cutting labour costs, and reducing the chance of human errors that may be expensive over time. Besides, companies could avoid costly equipment breakdowns and downtime using AI-based predictive maintenance methods. According to a McKinsey report, AI-based predictive maintenance can cut maintenance expenses by 20% and unscheduled breakdowns by half.

Another advantage is innovation through smart machines. With AI and machine learning strategies, industries can tap into big data to create new products, services, or business models. The Middle East region is characterised by a strong push towards innovation as a means of economic diversification through governments. For example, the UAE has created many innovation hubs and accelerators for startups, including those involved in developing AI-based solutions.

Furthermore, smart machines can enhance safety in the oil and gas, manufacturing, and construction industries. By automating dangerous tasks and using AI to monitor and predict potential hazards, companies can reduce the risk of accidents and improve worker safety. This is crucial in a region where industries such as oil and gas are prone to high-risk environments.

Challenges Ahead for Workforce

The use of smart machines within the region presents huge challenges for the Middle Eastern workforce despite their significance. This includes the possibility of displacement from workstations. The automation process carried out by companies risks rendering certain positions irrelevant since human beings no longer do them. According to the World Economic Forum (WEF), automation could displace about 45% of jobs in the MEA region by 2030.

This possible displacement raises questions of unemployment and inequality, especially in countries where a great proportion of the total employed works in the industrial sector. Such potential risks call for proactive workforce development strategies, like reskilling and upskilling programmes, so that employees have the required skills to prosper in an automated economy, while tedious and risky tasks will be performed by machines.

Additionally, both employees and employers need to change their mindsets. Since smart machines take over repetitive chores, workers will have to acquire new skills such as problem-solving, creativity, or emotional intelligence that complement the capabilities of AI and automation. As a result, employers will have to foster a culture of learning, as many jobs would still require humans even if smart machines were introduced. Following this need, Heriot-Watt University in Dubai is establishing a Centre for Doctoral training (CDT) in the UAE, focusing on AI, Robotics, Net Zero and Construction in partnership with academia, government, and industry. The establishment of these CDTs represents a strategic effort to foster innovation, drive research excellence, and cultivate a highly skilled workforce tailored to the needs of these critical industries.

Conclusion

The future of work in the Middle East is being shaped by integrating smart machines and automation across various industries. These technologies will bring about substantive benefits, including increased efficiency, cost savings, and innovation, but they present challenges to demand-driven labour markets. To achieve a smooth transition into an automated economy, governments, businesses, and educational institutions in the region need to develop strategies for workforce development, foster continuous learning opportunities, and address ethical and social implications associated with automation. This way, the Middle East can fully exploit smart machines’ potential towards economic growth facilitation and better standards of living for its people.

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Building businesses that last: Lessons from Dubai’s Startup Ecosystem

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Culture Mapping

Dubai-based entrepreneurs and podcast hosts Konstantin Koloskov and Anastasia Davydova share lessons from 2024’s dynamic business landscape, exploring the power of collaboration, sustainable growth, and staying true to your vision amidst rapid change. Dubai in 2024 was a hub of energy and innovation, with startup founders raising capital, scaling rapidly, and embracing the city’s ever-changing landscape

As co-hosts of Culture Mapping, a podcast exploring the intersections of culture, entrepreneurship, and life in the UAE, we’ve had the privilege of looking at Dubai through a unique lens. Our conversations with inspiring guests—from startup founders to artists—have offered us fresh perspectives on the opportunities and challenges 2024 has brought.

At the same time, our collaboration on the podcast has been a powerful reminder of the strength found in partnerships. Beyond being co-hosts, we’re both entrepreneurs leading our own companies — Konstantin, the co-founder of Storm, a content studio, and Anastasia, the co-founder of Movingo, a relocation platform for businesses and talents moving to the UAE.

2024 was a challenging year for both of us, but it reinforced a key insight: the power of collaboration within teams and across industries and ventures. Supporting each other in our businesses while building the podcast together has opened new opportunities, sparked creative ideas, and brought energy to everything we do. We also saw This spirit of collaboration reflected in our podcast guests. Dubai in 2024 has been a hub of energy and innovation, with startup founders like those we interviewed raising capital, scaling rapidly, and embracing the city’s ever-changing landscape. Their stories reminded us how crucial it is to stay connected to a network of thinkers and doers who inspire and challenge you.

Key Lessons from 2024

  1. Stay Open to New Opportunities, But Don’t Lose Sight of Your Core Vision: One of our most memorable guests this year was Phillipo Minelli, a visionary artist who embodies this principle. While he sees the growing potential of the UAE and its flourishing art scene, he stays grounded in the values of his work. Phillipo reminded us that growth and opportunity mean little if they compromise your core mission or beliefs.
  2. Prioritize Sustainable Growth Over Short-Term Gains: Felix Erdman, a businessman featured on our podcast, is a shining example of this lesson. His approach to building wealth with a long-term perspective—eschewing fleeting trends and buzz-worthy ventures—was inspiring. His story reinforced what we’ve learned firsthand in our businesses: thoughtful, strategic growth is the foundation for lasting success.
  3. Collaboration Drives Innovation: Dubai’s vibrant, multicultural energy fosters collaboration in a way few places can. Whether it’s the three startup founders we interviewed—who shared how working with the right partners helped them scale—or the creative synergies we’ve experienced in our work, it’s clear that great things happen when ideas are shared and connections are made.

Looking Ahead to 2025

As we prepare for the New Year, we’re embracing the lessons of 2024 with a renewed focus on intentional growth. The global economic shifts have made us even more mindful of how we approach risk and investment. Innovation matters, but so does sustainability. To our fellow entrepreneurs, here’s the advice we’ll be taking with us into 2025:

  1. Keep an eye on new horizons, but stay true to your vision.
  2. Prioritize sustainable growth over chasing quick wins.
  3. Value collaboration—it’s a game-changer.

Dubai continues to be a city where ambition meets possibility, and we’re excited to see how it will evolve in the year ahead. For us, the focus is clear: building businesses that last, telling stories that matter, and embracing the power of collaboration to make it all possible.

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The GCC Fintech Revolution: A Deep Dive into AI and Financial Literacy

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Financial Literacy

By Mo Ibrahim, Founder & CEO, Maly

The sheer volume of growth that the fintech industry in the region is experiencing is astounding. Driven by a solid regulatory framework that enables both small and big players to contribute to the region’s digital transformation, the UAE and KSA in particular are both making a strong mark as powerhouses of innovation in the larger fintech ecosystem. As a homegrown brand that is striving to make a mark in the tech sector, this is a very exciting time for us at Maly.

There are many key areas that have dominated the fintech scene this year and will continue to play a definitive role next year as well. AI and machine learning will continue to shape the future of finance, along with digital banking, payment landscapes, and public and private partnerships.

AI and machine learning have opened new opportunities for the sector, pushing boundaries of how it can augment customer service and collect data to help redefine financial services for consumers. At Maly, our aim is to seamlessly integrate artificial intelligence into our product offerings, enhancing both customer experience and operational efficiency. Born out of the vision to reduce the financial literacy gap in the region and empower people to improve their knowledge about concepts such as credit scores, interest rates and budget management, Maly is committed to helping customers set short- and long-term financial goals and achieving them by committing to better financial management.

There has been a lot of debate this year on how AI will replace humans eventually, but with fintech, AI has only enhanced and streamlined processes by helping reduce fraud and improving accuracy. At Maly, we are a step ahead of our competitors with our revolutionary tech stack, which is built and managed inhouse. By combining cutting-edge AI algorithms with a scalable, cloud-native architecture, Maly has created a platform that is not only robust but also highly adaptable to the diverse needs of the evolving fintech landscape.

As a tech-focused business, we are deeply investing in understanding the customer behavior and preferences of our target audience in order to customize their experience. With Maly, you can grow, spend, send, and track your money in the same app and make use of group payments features to split costs, simplify payments between friends and set up a Grow Plan for effortless saving.

According to the 2024 Financial Literacy Survey by Visa, 37 per cent of respondents spend as much as their income and 65 per cent want to improve their knowledge of savings and investments. With a year-on-year increase in the cost of living in the country, influenced by rents, petrol prices and other factors, it is becoming critical for residents to take measures to put a long-term savings plan in place and maintain a good quality of life.

Some of the biggest spenders in both the UAE and KSA are the millennials, and being a tech savvy generation, these customers put substantial focus on personalisation and customer experience. Keeping this in mind, we launched our AI-powered financial guide, Luna. With this service, customers can receive tailored plans and advice based on their financial requirements.

The fintech sector in the UAE and KSA is poised for continued growth, driven by supportive policies, technological innovation, and an appetite for digital transformation. Stakeholders, policymakers, and consumers alike must continue to support and engage with fintech innovators to ensure a dynamic and inclusive financial landscape in the Middle East. By fostering collaboration and embracing technological advancements, we can ensure that the benefits of this digital revolution are realized across all sectors of society.

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Features

The Technology and Processes Shaping the Hospitality Industry

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technology in hospitality

By – Dr. Sean Lochrie, Associate Professor at Heriot-Watt University Dubai

The hospitality industry has undergone a transformative journey shaped by integrating technology and innovative processes. Particularly in the UAE, a region known for its forward-thinking approach and desire to lead in luxury and service, the impact of these advancements is evident. In a highly competitive market catering to an international clientele with high expectations, embracing technology is beneficial and essential for sustained growth and success.

One of the most significant shifts in hospitality has been the digitisation of the guest experience. Today, digital tools enable a seamless experience from booking to check-out, often with a high degree of personalisation. Many hotels in the UAE use artificial intelligence (AI)-powered chatbots. For instance, Address Hotels and Resorts in Dubai leverages artificial intelligence (AI) for virtual concierge, which can provide an in-depth tour of the Address Downtown Hotel, spotlighting everything from luxurious rooms to gourmet dining and serene spa sanctuaries. Another example is the Ritz-Carlton, a hotel renowned for its exceptional service, which has embraced AI to elevate the guest experience. They introduced an AI-powered chatbot to streamline guest interactions and deliver personalised recommendations.

Many hotels also offer personalised mobile apps that allow guests to check in remotely, access room controls, and request services without interacting with staff directly. These apps are a single interface for managing everything from lighting and temperature to ordering room service. Such conveniences, luxuries just a few years ago, have become essential as guests seek contactless and streamlined interactions. This level of convenience is particularly valuable in the UAE, where the diversity of visitors necessitates quick and personalised communication.

AI and data analytics have transformed how hotels understand their guests and predict their preferences. For instance, by analysing data from previous stays, hotels can tailor their offerings to individual guests, ensuring that each visit is unique and memorable. This predictive capability enables hotels to surprise and delight their guests while optimising resource allocation. AI also plays a significant role in revenue management, allowing hotels to adjust room rates dynamically based on demand and occupancy levels. For instance, many hotels use AI-driven pricing strategies that analyse market trends and competitor pricing, adjusting room rates to maximise occupancy and revenue. Such proactive approaches help hotels stay competitive in a fluctuating market like Dubai, where tourism demand varies throughout the year.

Furthermore, blockchain technology, the foundation of cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, offers transformative potential for hotel loyalty programs, enhancing security, interoperability, and user experience. With its decentralised ledger, blockchain secures guest information and transaction histories, significantly improving data integrity and privacy. Blockchain enables secure and transparent transactions, reducing the risk of fraud and enhancing data security, an essential consideration in the UAE, where high-end transactions are common. This protection bolsters guest trust in the program. Blockchain also supports interoperability, allowing loyalty points to be earned and redeemed across different hotels or chains, increasing rewards’ flexibility and value. This technology enables real-time, transparent transactions, letting guests track and use points without complex conversion processes. Many blockchain loyalty programs also use tokenised points, which can be traded or transferred, expanding their usability beyond hotel services.

The UAE’s hospitality industry is a beacon of innovation, continually embracing the latest technologies to enhance guest experience, improve efficiency, and drive sustainability. By integrating digital tools, AI, robotics, VR, and blockchain, UAE hotels and resorts are meeting the evolving expectations of modern travellers. These technologies streamline operations and create a memorable and differentiated experience that sets UAE hospitality apart globally. As technology continues to grow and evolve, so will the processes that define hospitality in the UAE, ensuring that this sector remains at the forefront of service, luxury, and innovation. For professionals and stakeholders in the hospitality industry, staying abreast of these advancements is crucial, as they not only influence day-to-day operations but also shape the future of hospitality in a rapidly changing world.

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